For clear understanding, the term “nano” is one billionth of one. So any material with dimension of 1cm, reduced into a billion equal parts in any dimension, then one part is 1 nanometer (nm). Particles ranging from 1 nm to 100nm are considered as nano materials.
By sources, do you mean where can we find nano materials! The answer would be “Entire universe” because our universe is nothing but chemically composed matter/antimatter. Atoms of every element are less than the nm range.
How do we make them ?
There are many number of methods and techniques to make nanomaterials. Divided into two basic techniques namely Physical and Chemical techniques attributed to the methods they use in exfoilation or growth of nano materials.
There is also other approaches to make nano materials; Top-down and Bottom-up approaches.
As the name suggests, in Top-down approach, bigger particles are reduced into nano particles by the usage of physical and chemical techniques and Bottom-up approaches makes use of nanomaterials to make bigger materials using chemical and physical techniques.
The application area of nanomaterials are unlimited ranging from electronics, optics, mechanics, communications, biological, medical, pharmaceutical, physical training, energy, storage, battery, water purification, DNA science, etc. This potential for nanomaterials is achieved due to their peculiar change in physical and chemical properties in due to but not only their change in size and surface area.
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